INSTITUTIONAL AND ECONOMIC NATURE OF THE EXPORT POTENTIAL OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Introduction. The agricultural sector of Ukraine is one of the key elements of the national economy and forms a significant share of the state's foreign exchange earnings. In modern conditions, the development of foreign economic activity of agricultural enterprises is gaining strategic importance, as it ensures the integration of Ukraine into the global food market, strengthening food security and increasing the competitiveness of agricultural production. At the same time, military challenges, logistical constraints, instability of international markets and tightening of EU regulatory requirements create the need to rethink the institutional and economic nature of the export potential of the agricultural sector.

Methods. In the process of conducting the study, a complex of general scientific and special research methods was used, in particular: monographic method - to generalize scientific approaches to interpreting the essence of the export potential of the agricultural sector; institutional approach - to study the influence of formal and informal institutions on the development of agricultural exports; system analysis - to determine the relationship between economic, organizational, logistical and innovative components of export potential; methods of analysis and synthesis - to assess the current state and trends in the development of agricultural exports of Ukraine; statistical and economic method - to analyze indicators of foreign trade activity of the agricultural sector; comparative method - to compare domestic and international approaches to the development of export potential; abstract-logical method - to form conclusions and substantiate directions for strengthening the export potential of the agricultural sector of Ukraine.

Results. The results of the study showed that the export potential of the agricultural sector is formed under the influence of resource, institutional, logistical and innovative factors, and its effectiveness depends on the quality of the institutional environment and adaptation to international requirements. It was established that the dominance of the raw material export model and high logistics costs hinder the increase in the competitiveness of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The feasibility of developing the processing industry, digitalizing foreign trade processes and modernizing the system of state support for agricultural exports is substantiated.

Discussion. Prospects for further research are related to the development of mechanisms for the digital transformation of the agricultural export system, assessing the effectiveness of state support instruments, and forming models for the development of exports of products with high added value. Of particular importance are studies of the adaptation of the agricultural sector of Ukraine to EU requirements, the development of logistics infrastructure, and the integration of ESG-oriented approaches into the foreign economic activity management system.